The Western World had recently undergone the Industrial Revolution. "The Society of Jesus expelled from the Kingdom of Portugal by the Royal Decree of 3 September 1759"; as a carrack sets sail from Portuguese shores in the background, a bolt of lightening strikes a Jesuit priest as he attempts to set a terrestrial globe, a mitre, and a royal crown on fire; a bag of gold coins and a closed book (symbols of wealth and control of education) lie on the priest's feet. It is no less forceful in criticizing a concept of the State which completely excludes the economic sector from the State's range of interest and action. On May 15, 1891, Pope Leo XIII issued his seminal encyclical Rerum Novarum, subtitled "On Capital and Labor". Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor. We began to move from being primarily an agricultural and ⦠To Our Venerable Brethren the Patriarchs, Primates,Archbishops, Bishops, and other ordinaries of places having Peace andCommunion with the Apostolic See. Rerum Noverum is a foundational text of the Catholic religion. 2. ENCYCLICAL OF POPE LEO XIII ON CAPITAL AND LABOR . Rerum Novarum and Quadragesimo Anno. Modern Catholic Social Teaching began with Rerum Novarum in 1891 as the first social encyclical ever writing. RERUM NOVARUM. Rerum novarum is opposed to State control of the means of production, which would reduce every citizen to being a "cog" in the State machine. Word Count: 209. It is generally held that Catholic Social Teaching begins with Pope Leo XIIIâs masterly encyclical, Rerum Novarum (1891). 1. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. In this document, Leo set out the Catholic Church's response to the social instability and labor conflict that had arisen in the wake of industrialization and had led to the rise of socialism. It was a response to a changing society. Pope Leo XIII's Rerum Novarum (1894) and the Catholic priest Father John A. Ryan's A Living Wage (1906) called for all of the following EXCEPT: the view that the Catholic Church should in no way become involved in discussions of wages, working conditions, and the ethical basis of the free market economy. Last Reviewed on June 19, 2019, by eNotes Editorial. Rerum Novarum (On the Condition of Labor) â Pope Leo XIII, 1891. It is an encyclical that was issued by Pope Leo XIII in 1892. Pope Leo considered it his duty to apply to current concerns the constant teaching of the Church and of the word of God. The term âsocial justiceâ was coined in the 1850s by Luigi DâAzeglio, an Italian Jesuit who was concerned about the increase in poverty caused by the industrial revolution. Pope Leo XIII and Rerum Novarum. That, as Iâve tried to show, is a dreadful mistake. This seminal work on modern Catholic social thought addresses the plight of the industrial workers in the wake of the Industrial Revolution. 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